[//000000001]: # (struct::matrix\_v1 \- Tcl Data Structures)
[//000000002]: # (Generated from file 'matrix1\.man' by tcllib/doctools with format 'markdown')
[//000000003]: # (Copyright © 2002 Andreas Kupries <andreas\_kupries@users\.sourceforge\.net>)
[//000000004]: # (struct::matrix\_v1\(n\) 1\.2\.1 tcllib "Tcl Data Structures")
<hr> [ <a href="../../../../toc.md">Main Table Of Contents</a> | <a
href="../../../toc.md">Table Of Contents</a> | <a
href="../../../../index.md">Keyword Index</a> | <a
href="../../../../toc0.md">Categories</a> | <a
href="../../../../toc1.md">Modules</a> | <a
href="../../../../toc2.md">Applications</a> ] <hr>
# NAME
struct::matrix\_v1 \- Create and manipulate matrix objects
# <a name='toc'></a>Table Of Contents
- [Table Of Contents](#toc)
- [Synopsis](#synopsis)
- [Description](#section1)
- [EXAMPLES](#section2)
- [Bugs, Ideas, Feedback](#section3)
- [Keywords](#keywords)
- [Category](#category)
- [Copyright](#copyright)
# <a name='synopsis'></a>SYNOPSIS
package require Tcl 8\.2
package require struct::matrix ?1\.2\.1?
[__matrixName__ *option* ?*arg arg \.\.\.*?](#1)
[*matrixName* __add column__ ?*values*?](#2)
[*matrixName* __add row__ ?*values*?](#3)
[*matrixName* __add columns__ *n*](#4)
[*matrixName* __add rows__ *n*](#5)
[*matrixName* __cells__](#6)
[*matrixName* __cellsize__ *column row*](#7)
[*matrixName* __columns__](#8)
[*matrixName* __columnwidth__ *column*](#9)
[*matrixName* __delete column__ *column*](#10)
[*matrixName* __delete row__ *row*](#11)
[*matrixName* __destroy__](#12)
[*matrixName* __format 2string__ ?*report*?](#13)
[*matrixName* __format 2chan__ ??*report*? *channel*?](#14)
[*matrixName* __get cell__ *column row*](#15)
[*matrixName* __get column__ *column*](#16)
[*matrixName* __get rect__ *column\_tl row\_tl column\_br row\_br*](#17)
[*matrixName* __get row__ *row*](#18)
[*matrixName* __insert column__ *column* ?*values*?](#19)
[*matrixName* __insert row__ *row* ?*values*?](#20)
[*matrixName* __link__ ?\-transpose? *arrayvar*](#21)
[*matrixName* __links__](#22)
[*matrixName* __rowheight__ *row*](#23)
[*matrixName* __rows__](#24)
[*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __all__ *pattern*](#25)
[*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __column__ *column pattern*](#26)
[*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __row__ *row pattern*](#27)
[*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __rect__ *column\_tl row\_tl column\_br row\_br pattern*](#28)
[*matrixName* __set cell__ *column row value*](#29)
[*matrixName* __set column__ *column values*](#30)
[*matrixName* __set rect__ *column row values*](#31)
[*matrixName* __set row__ *row values*](#32)
[*matrixName* __sort columns__ ?__\-increasing__|__\-decreasing__? *row*](#33)
[*matrixName* __sort rows__ ?__\-increasing__|__\-decreasing__? *column*](#34)
[*matrixName* __swap columns__ *column\_a column\_b*](#35)
[*matrixName* __swap rows__ *row\_a row\_b*](#36)
[*matrixName* __unlink__ *arrayvar*](#37)
# <a name='description'></a>DESCRIPTION
The __::struct::matrix__ command creates a new matrix object with an
associated global Tcl command whose name is *matrixName*\. This command may be
used to invoke various operations on the matrix\. It has the following general
form:
- <a name='1'></a>__matrixName__ *option* ?*arg arg \.\.\.*?
*Option* and the *arg*s determine the exact behavior of the command\.
A matrix is a rectangular collection of cells, i\.e\. organized in rows and
columns\. Each cell contains exactly one value of arbitrary form\. The cells in
the matrix are addressed by pairs of integer numbers, with the first \(left\)
number in the pair specifying the column and the second \(right\) number
specifying the row the cell is in\. These indices are counted from 0 upward\. The
special non\-numeric index __end__ refers to the last row or column in the
matrix, depending on the context\. Indices of the form __end__\-__number__
are counted from the end of the row or column, like they are for standard Tcl
lists\. Trying to access non\-existing cells causes an error\.
The matrices here are created empty, i\.e\. they have neither rows nor columns\.
The user then has to add rows and columns as needed by his application\. A
specialty of this structure is the ability to export an array\-view onto its
contents\. Such can be used by tkTable, for example, to link the matrix into the
display\.
The following commands are possible for matrix objects:
- <a name='2'></a>*matrixName* __add column__ ?*values*?
Extends the matrix by one column and then acts like __setcolumn__ \(see
below\) on this new column if there were *values* supplied\. Without
*values* the new cells will be set to the empty string\. The new column is
appended immediately behind the last existing column\.
- <a name='3'></a>*matrixName* __add row__ ?*values*?
Extends the matrix by one row and then acts like __setrow__ \(see below\)
on this new row if there were *values* supplied\. Without *values* the
new cells will be set to the empty string\. The new row is appended
immediately behind the last existing row\.
- <a name='4'></a>*matrixName* __add columns__ *n*
Extends the matrix by *n* columns\. The new cells will be set to the empty
string\. The new columns are appended immediately behind the last existing
column\. A value of *n* equal to or smaller than 0 is not allowed\.
- <a name='5'></a>*matrixName* __add rows__ *n*
Extends the matrix by *n* rows\. The new cells will be set to the empty
string\. The new rows are appended immediately behind the last existing row\.
A value of *n* equal to or smaller than 0 is not allowed\.
- <a name='6'></a>*matrixName* __cells__
Returns the number of cells currently managed by the matrix\. This is the
product of __rows__ and __columns__\.
- <a name='7'></a>*matrixName* __cellsize__ *column row*
Returns the length of the string representation of the value currently
contained in the addressed cell\.
- <a name='8'></a>*matrixName* __columns__
Returns the number of columns currently managed by the matrix\.
- <a name='9'></a>*matrixName* __columnwidth__ *column*
Returns the length of the longest string representation of all the values
currently contained in the cells of the addressed column if these are all
spanning only one line\. For cell values spanning multiple lines the length
of their longest line goes into the computation\.
- <a name='10'></a>*matrixName* __delete column__ *column*
Deletes the specified column from the matrix and shifts all columns with
higher indices one index down\.
- <a name='11'></a>*matrixName* __delete row__ *row*
Deletes the specified row from the matrix and shifts all row with higher
indices one index down\.
- <a name='12'></a>*matrixName* __destroy__
Destroys the matrix, including its storage space and associated command\.
- <a name='13'></a>*matrixName* __format 2string__ ?*report*?
Formats the matrix using the specified report object and returns the string
containing the result of this operation\. The report has to support the
__printmatrix__ method\. If no *report* is specified the system will
use an internal report definition to format the matrix\.
- <a name='14'></a>*matrixName* __format 2chan__ ??*report*? *channel*?
Formats the matrix using the specified report object and writes the string
containing the result of this operation into the channel\. The report has to
support the __printmatrix2channel__ method\. If no *report* is
specified the system will use an internal report definition to format the
matrix\. If no *channel* is specified the system will use __stdout__\.
- <a name='15'></a>*matrixName* __get cell__ *column row*
Returns the value currently contained in the cell identified by row and
column index\.
- <a name='16'></a>*matrixName* __get column__ *column*
Returns a list containing the values from all cells in the column identified
by the index\. The contents of the cell in row 0 are stored as the first
element of this list\.
- <a name='17'></a>*matrixName* __get rect__ *column\_tl row\_tl column\_br row\_br*
Returns a list of lists of cell values\. The values stored in the result come
from the sub\-matrix whose top\-left and bottom\-right cells are specified by
*column\_tl, row\_tl* and *column\_br, row\_br* resp\. Note that the
following equations have to be true: "*column\_tl* <= *column\_br*" and
"*row\_tl* <= *row\_br*"\. The result is organized as follows: The outer
list is the list of rows, its elements are lists representing a single row\.
The row with the smallest index is the first element of the outer list\. The
elements of the row lists represent the selected cell values\. The cell with
the smallest index is the first element in each row list\.
- <a name='18'></a>*matrixName* __get row__ *row*
Returns a list containing the values from all cells in the row identified by
the index\. The contents of the cell in column 0 are stored as the first
element of this list\.
- <a name='19'></a>*matrixName* __insert column__ *column* ?*values*?
Extends the matrix by one column and then acts like __setcolumn__ \(see
below\) on this new column if there were *values* supplied\. Without
*values* the new cells will be set to the empty string\. The new column is
inserted just before the column specified by the given index\. This means, if
*column* is less than or equal to zero, then the new column is inserted at
the beginning of the matrix, before the first column\. If *column* has the
value __end__, or if it is greater than or equal to the number of
columns in the matrix, then the new column is appended to the matrix, behind
the last column\. The old column at the chosen index and all columns with
higher indices are shifted one index upward\.
- <a name='20'></a>*matrixName* __insert row__ *row* ?*values*?
Extends the matrix by one row and then acts like __setrow__ \(see below\)
on this new row if there were *values* supplied\. Without *values* the
new cells will be set to the empty string\. The new row is inserted just
before the row specified by the given index\. This means, if *row* is less
than or equal to zero, then the new row is inserted at the beginning of the
matrix, before the first row\. If *row* has the value __end__, or if it
is greater than or equal to the number of rows in the matrix, then the new
row is appended to the matrix, behind the last row\. The old row at that
index and all rows with higher indices are shifted one index upward\.
- <a name='21'></a>*matrixName* __link__ ?\-transpose? *arrayvar*
Links the matrix to the specified array variable\. This means that the
contents of all cells in the matrix is stored in the array too, with all
changes to the matrix propagated there too\. The contents of the cell
*\(column,row\)* is stored in the array using the key *column,row*\. If the
option __\-transpose__ is specified the key *row,column* will be used
instead\. It is possible to link the matrix to more than one array\. Note that
the link is bidirectional, i\.e\. changes to the array are mirrored in the
matrix too\.
- <a name='22'></a>*matrixName* __links__
Returns a list containing the names of all array variables the matrix was
linked to through a call to method __link__\.
- <a name='23'></a>*matrixName* __rowheight__ *row*
Returns the height of the specified row in lines\. This is the highest number
of lines spanned by a cell over all cells in the row\.
- <a name='24'></a>*matrixName* __rows__
Returns the number of rows currently managed by the matrix\.
- <a name='25'></a>*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __all__ *pattern*
Searches the whole matrix for cells matching the *pattern* and returns a
list with all matches\. Each item in the aforementioned list is a list itself
and contains the column and row index of the matching cell, in this order\.
The results are ordered by column first and row second, both times in
ascending order\. This means that matches to the left and the top of the
matrix come before matches to the right and down\.
The type of the pattern \(string, glob, regular expression\) is determined by
the option after the __search__ keyword\. If no option is given it
defaults to __\-exact__\.
If the option __\-nocase__ is specified the search will be
case\-insensitive\.
- <a name='26'></a>*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __column__ *column pattern*
Like __search all__, but the search is restricted to the specified
column\.
- <a name='27'></a>*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __row__ *row pattern*
Like __search all__, but the search is restricted to the specified row\.
- <a name='28'></a>*matrixName* __search__ ?\-nocase? ?\-exact|\-glob|\-regexp? __rect__ *column\_tl row\_tl column\_br row\_br pattern*
Like __search all__, but the search is restricted to the specified
rectangular area of the matrix\.
- <a name='29'></a>*matrixName* __set cell__ *column row value*
Sets the value in the cell identified by row and column index to the data in
the third argument\.
- <a name='30'></a>*matrixName* __set column__ *column values*
Sets the values in the cells identified by the column index to the elements
of the list provided as the third argument\. Each element of the list is
assigned to one cell, with the first element going into the cell in row 0
and then upward\. If there are less values in the list than there are rows
the remaining rows are set to the empty string\. If there are more values in
the list than there are rows the superfluous elements are ignored\. The
matrix is not extended by this operation\.
- <a name='31'></a>*matrixName* __set rect__ *column row values*
Takes a list of lists of cell values and writes them into the submatrix
whose top\-left cell is specified by the two indices\. If the sublists of the
outerlist are not of equal length the shorter sublists will be filled with
empty strings to the length of the longest sublist\. If the submatrix
specified by the top\-left cell and the number of rows and columns in the
*values* extends beyond the matrix we are modifying the over\-extending
parts of the values are ignored, i\.e\. essentially cut off\. This subcommand
expects its input in the format as returned by __getrect__\.
- <a name='32'></a>*matrixName* __set row__ *row values*
Sets the values in the cells identified by the row index to the elements of
the list provided as the third argument\. Each element of the list is
assigned to one cell, with the first element going into the cell in column 0
and then upward\. If there are less values in the list than there are columns
the remaining columns are set to the empty string\. If there are more values
in the list than there are columns the superfluous elements are ignored\. The
matrix is not extended by this operation\.
- <a name='33'></a>*matrixName* __sort columns__ ?__\-increasing__|__\-decreasing__? *row*
Sorts the columns in the matrix using the data in the specified *row* as
the key to sort by\. The options __\-increasing__ and __\-decreasing__
have the same meaning as for __lsort__\. If no option is specified
__\-increasing__ is assumed\.
- <a name='34'></a>*matrixName* __sort rows__ ?__\-increasing__|__\-decreasing__? *column*
Sorts the rows in the matrix using the data in the specified *column* as
the key to sort by\. The options __\-increasing__ and __\-decreasing__
have the same meaning as for __lsort__\. If no option is specified
__\-increasing__ is assumed\.
- <a name='35'></a>*matrixName* __swap columns__ *column\_a column\_b*
Swaps the contents of the two specified columns\.
- <a name='36'></a>*matrixName* __swap rows__ *row\_a row\_b*
Swaps the contents of the two specified rows\.
- <a name='37'></a>*matrixName* __unlink__ *arrayvar*
Removes the link between the matrix and the specified arrayvariable, if
there is one\.
# <a name='section2'></a>EXAMPLES
The examples below assume a 5x5 matrix M with the first row containing the
values 1 to 5, with 1 in the top\-left cell\. Each other row contains the contents
of the row above it, rotated by one cell to the right\.
% M getrect 0 0 4 4
{{1 2 3 4 5} {5 1 2 3 4} {4 5 1 2 3} {3 4 5 1 2} {2 3 4 5 1}}
% M setrect 1 1 {{0 0 0} {0 0 0} {0 0 0}}
% M getrect 0 0 4 4
{{1 2 3 4 5} {5 0 0 0 4} {4 0 0 0 3} {3 0 0 0 2} {2 3 4 5 1}}
Assuming that the style definitions in the example section of the manpage for
the package __[report](\.\./report/report\.md)__ are loaded into the
interpreter now an example which formats a matrix into a tabular report\. The
code filling the matrix with data is not shown\. contains useful data\.
% ::struct::matrix m
% # ... fill m with data, assume 5 columns
% ::report::report r 5 style captionedtable 1
% m format 2string r
+---+-------------------+-------+-------+--------+
|000|VERSIONS: |2:8.4a3|1:8.4a3|1:8.4a3%|
+---+-------------------+-------+-------+--------+
|001|CATCH return ok |7 |13 |53.85 |
|002|CATCH return error |68 |91 |74.73 |
|003|CATCH no catch used|7 |14 |50.00 |
|004|IF if true numeric |12 |33 |36.36 |
|005|IF elseif |15 |47 |31.91 |
| |true numeric | | | |
+---+-------------------+-------+-------+--------+
%
% # alternate way of doing the above
% r printmatrix m
# <a name='section3'></a>Bugs, Ideas, Feedback
This document, and the package it describes, will undoubtedly contain bugs and
other problems\. Please report such in the category *struct :: matrix* of the
[Tcllib Trackers](http://core\.tcl\.tk/tcllib/reportlist)\. Please also report
any ideas for enhancements you may have for either package and/or documentation\.
When proposing code changes, please provide *unified diffs*, i\.e the output of
__diff \-u__\.
Note further that *attachments* are strongly preferred over inlined patches\.
Attachments can be made by going to the __Edit__ form of the ticket
immediately after its creation, and then using the left\-most button in the
secondary navigation bar\.
# <a name='keywords'></a>KEYWORDS
[matrix](\.\./\.\./\.\./\.\./index\.md\#matrix)
# <a name='category'></a>CATEGORY
Data structures
# <a name='copyright'></a>COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2002 Andreas Kupries <andreas\_kupries@users\.sourceforge\.net>
