Tcl Source Code

2017-09-02 (bug)[0e4d88] replace command, delete trace kills namespace (porter)

--- Released 8.7a1, September 8, 2017 --- http://core.tcl.tk/tcl/ for details

2018-03-12 (TIP 490) add oo support for msgcat => msgcat 1.7.0 (oehlmann)

2018-03-12 (TIP 499) custom locale preference list (nijtmans)
=> msgcat 1.7.0

2017-09-02 (bug)[0e4d88] replace command, delete trace kills namespace (porter)

--- Released 8.7a1, September 8, 2017 --- http://core.tcl.tk/tcl/ for details

2018-03-12 (TIP 490) add oo support for msgcat => msgcat 1.7.0 (oehlmann)

2018-03-12 (TIP 499) custom locale preference list (oehlmann)
=> msgcat 1.7.0

.TH "msgcat" n 1.5 msgcat "Tcl Bundled Packages"
.so man.macros
.BS
'\" Note:  do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
.SH NAME
msgcat \- Tcl message catalog
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBpackage require Tcl 8.5\fR
.sp
\fBpackage require msgcat 1.6\fR
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mc \fIsrc-string\fR ?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcmax ?\fIsrc-string src-string ...\fR?
.sp
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcexists\fR ?\fB-exactnamespace\fR? ?\fB-exactlocale\fR? \fIsrc-string\fR
.VE "TIP 412"




.sp
\fB::msgcat::mclocale \fR?\fInewLocale\fR?
.sp

\fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR

.sp
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcloadedlocales subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.VE "TIP 412"
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcload \fIdirname\fR
.sp
................................................................................
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcpackageconfig subcommand\fR \fIoption\fR ?\fIvalue\fR?
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcforgetpackage\fR
.VE "TIP 412"




.BE
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
The \fBmsgcat\fR package provides a set of functions
that can be used to manage multi-lingual user interfaces.
Text strings are defined in a
.QW "message catalog"
................................................................................
Each package has its own message catalog and configuration settings in \fBmsgcat\fR.
.PP
A \fIlocale\fR is a specification string describing a user language like \fBde_ch\fR for Swiss German.
In \fBmsgcat\fR, there is a global locale initialized by the system locale of the current system.
Each package may decide to use the global locale or to use a package specific locale.
.PP
The global locale may be changed on demand, for example by a user initiated language change or within a multi user application like a web server.





.SH COMMANDS
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mc \fIsrc-string\fR ?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
.
Returns a translation of \fIsrc-string\fR according to the
current locale.  If additional arguments past \fIsrc-string\fR
are given, the \fBformat\fR command is used to substitute the
................................................................................
\fB::msgcat::mc\fR is the main function used to localize an
application.  Instead of using an English string directly, an
application can pass the English string through \fB::msgcat::mc\fR and
use the result.  If an application is written for a single language in
this fashion, then it is easy to add support for additional languages
later simply by defining new message catalog entries.
.RE











.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcmax ?\fIsrc-string src-string ...\fR?
.
Given several source strings, \fB::msgcat::mcmax\fR returns the length
of the longest translated string.  This is useful when designing
localized GUIs, which may require that all buttons, for example, be a
fixed width (which will be the width of the widest button).
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcexists\fR ?\fB-exactnamespace\fR? ?\fB-exactlocale\fR? \fIsrc-string\fR
.
.VS "TIP 412"
Return true, if there is a translation for the given \fIsrc-string\fR.
.PP
.RS
The search may be limited by the option \fB\-exactnamespace\fR to only check the current namespace and not any parent namespaces.
.PP
It may also be limited by the option \fB\-exactlocale\fR to only check the first prefered locale (e.g. first element returned by \fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR if global locale is used).





.RE

.VE "TIP 412"

.TP

























\fB::msgcat::mclocale \fR?\fInewLocale\fR?
.
This function sets the locale to \fInewLocale\fR.  If \fInewLocale\fR
is omitted, the current locale is returned, otherwise the current locale










is set to \fInewLocale\fR.  msgcat stores and compares the locale in a
case-insensitive manner, and returns locales in lowercase.
The initial locale is determined by the locale specified in
the user's environment.  See \fBLOCALE SPECIFICATION\fR
below for a description of the locale string format.
.RS
.PP
.VS "TIP 412"
If the locale is set, the preference list of locales is evaluated.
Locales in this list are loaded now, if not jet loaded.
.VE "TIP 412"
.RE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR
.
Returns an ordered list of the locales preferred by
the user, based on the user's language specification.
The list is ordered from most specific to least
preference.  The list is derived from the current
locale set in msgcat by \fB::msgcat::mclocale\fR, and
cannot be set independently.  For example, if the







current locale is en_US_funky, then \fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR
returns \fB{en_us_funky en_us en {}}\fR.




.TP
\fB::msgcat:mcloadedlocales subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.
This group of commands manage the list of loaded locales for packages not setting a package locale.
.PP
.RS
The subcommand \fBget\fR returns the list of currently loaded locales.
................................................................................
Note that this routine is only called if the concerned package did not set a package locale unknown command name.
.RE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcforgetpackage\fR
.
The calling package clears all its state within the \fBmsgcat\fR package including all settings and translations.
.VE "TIP 412"
















.PP
.SH "LOCALE SPECIFICATION"
.PP
The locale is specified to \fBmsgcat\fR by a locale string
passed to \fB::msgcat::mclocale\fR.
The locale string consists of
a language code, an optional country code, and an optional
................................................................................
.PP
.CS
\fBmsgcat::mc\fR {Produced %1$d at %2$s} $num $city
# ... where that key is mapped to one of the
# human-oriented versions by \fBmsgcat::mcset\fR
.CE
.VS "TIP 412"
.SH Package private locale
.PP
A package using \fBmsgcat\fR may choose to use its own package private
locale and its own set of loaded locales, independent to the global
locale set by \fB::msgcat::mclocale\fR.
.PP
This allows a package to change its locale without causing any locales load or removal in other packages and not to invoke the global locale change callback (see below).
.PP
................................................................................
This command may cause the load of locales.
.RE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale get\fR
.
Return the package private locale or the global locale, if no package private locale is set.
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale preferences\fR
.
Return the package private preferences or the global preferences,
if no package private locale is set.












.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale loaded\fR
.
Return the list of locales loaded for this package.
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale isset\fR
.
................................................................................
.
Returns true, if the given locale is loaded for the package.
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale clear\fR
.
Clear any loaded locales of the package not present in the package preferences.
.PP
.SH Changing package options
.PP
Each package using msgcat has a set of options within \fBmsgcat\fR.
The package options are described in the next sectionPackage options.
Each package option may be set or unset individually using the following ensemble:
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackageconfig get\fR \fIoption\fR
.
................................................................................
The called procedure must return the formatted message which will finally be returned by msgcat::mc.
.PP
A generic unknown handler is used if set to the empty string. This consists in returning the key if no arguments are given. With given arguments, format is used to process the arguments.
.PP
See section \fBcallback invocation\fR below.
The appended arguments are identical to \fB::msgcat::mcunknown\fR.
.RE
.SS Callback invocation
A package may decide to register one or multiple callbacks, as described above.
.PP
Callbacks are invoked, if:
.PP
1. the callback command is set,
.PP
2. the command is not the empty string,
.PP
3. the registering namespace exists.
.PP
If a called routine fails with an error, the \fBbgerror\fR routine for the interpreter is invoked after command completion.
Only exception is the callback \fBunknowncmd\fR, where an error causes the invoking \fBmc\fR-command to fail with that error.
.PP
.SS Examples















































Packages which display a GUI may update their widgets when the global locale changes.
To register to a callback, use:
.CS
namespace eval gui {
    msgcat::mcpackageconfig changecmd updateGUI

    proc updateGui args {
................................................................................
}
.CE
.VE "TIP 412"
.SH CREDITS
.PP
The message catalog code was developed by Mark Harrison.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
format(n), scan(n), namespace(n), package(n)
.SH KEYWORDS
internationalization, i18n, localization, l10n, message, text, translation
.\" Local Variables:
.\" mode: nroff
.\" End:

.TH "msgcat" n 1.5 msgcat "Tcl Bundled Packages"
.so man.macros
.BS
'\" Note:  do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
.SH NAME
msgcat \- Tcl message catalog
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBpackage require Tcl 8.7\fR
.sp
\fBpackage require msgcat 1.7\fR
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mc \fIsrc-string\fR ?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcmax ?\fIsrc-string src-string ...\fR?
.sp
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcexists\fR ?\fB-exactnamespace\fR? ?\fB-exactlocale\fR? \fIsrc-string\fR
.VE "TIP 412"
.sp
.VS "TIP 490"
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagenamespaceget\fR
.VE "TIP 490"
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mclocale \fR?\fInewLocale\fR?
.sp
.VS "TIP 499"
\fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR ?\fIlocale preference\fR? ...
.VE "TIP 499"
.sp
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcloadedlocales subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.VE "TIP 412"
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcload \fIdirname\fR
.sp
................................................................................
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcpackageconfig subcommand\fR \fIoption\fR ?\fIvalue\fR?
.sp
\fB::msgcat::mcforgetpackage\fR
.VE "TIP 412"
.sp
.VS "TIP 499"
\fB::msgcat::mcutil subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.VS "TIP 499"
.BE
.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
The \fBmsgcat\fR package provides a set of functions
that can be used to manage multi-lingual user interfaces.
Text strings are defined in a
.QW "message catalog"
................................................................................
Each package has its own message catalog and configuration settings in \fBmsgcat\fR.
.PP
A \fIlocale\fR is a specification string describing a user language like \fBde_ch\fR for Swiss German.
In \fBmsgcat\fR, there is a global locale initialized by the system locale of the current system.
Each package may decide to use the global locale or to use a package specific locale.
.PP
The global locale may be changed on demand, for example by a user initiated language change or within a multi user application like a web server.
.PP
.VS tip490
Object oriented programming is supported by the use of a package namespace.
.VE tip490
.PP
.SH COMMANDS
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mc \fIsrc-string\fR ?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
.
Returns a translation of \fIsrc-string\fR according to the
current locale.  If additional arguments past \fIsrc-string\fR
are given, the \fBformat\fR command is used to substitute the
................................................................................
\fB::msgcat::mc\fR is the main function used to localize an
application.  Instead of using an English string directly, an
application can pass the English string through \fB::msgcat::mc\fR and
use the result.  If an application is written for a single language in
this fashion, then it is easy to add support for additional languages
later simply by defining new message catalog entries.
.RE
.VS "TIP 490"
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcn \fInamespace\fR \fIsrc-string\fR ?\fIarg arg ...\fR?
.
Like \fB::msgcat::mc\fR, but with the message namespace specified as first argument.
.PP
.RS
\fBmcn\fR may be used for cases where the package namespace is not the namespace of the caller.
An example is shown within the description of the command \fB::msgcat::mcpackagenamespaceget\fR below.
.RE
.PP
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcmax ?\fIsrc-string src-string ...\fR?
.
Given several source strings, \fB::msgcat::mcmax\fR returns the length
of the longest translated string.  This is useful when designing
localized GUIs, which may require that all buttons, for example, be a
fixed width (which will be the width of the widest button).
.TP
.VS "TIP 412"
\fB::msgcat::mcexists\fR ?\fB-exactnamespace\fR? ?\fB-exactlocale\fR? ?\fB-namespace\fR \fInamespace\fR? \fIsrc-string\fR
.
Return true, if there is a translation for the given \fIsrc-string\fR.
.PP
.RS
The search may be limited by the option \fB\-exactnamespace\fR to only check the current namespace and not any parent namespaces.
.PP
It may also be limited by the option \fB\-exactlocale\fR to only check the first prefered locale (e.g. first element returned by \fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR if global locale is used).
.PP
.VE "TIP 412"
.VS "TIP 490"
An explicit package namespace may be specified by the option \fB-namespace\fR.
The namespace of the caller is used if not explicitly specified.
.RE
.PP
.VE "TIP 490"
.VS "TIP 490"
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagenamespaceget\fR
.
Return the package namespace of the caller.
This command handles all cases described in section \fBOBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING\fR.
.PP
.RS
Example usage is a tooltip package, which saves the caller package namespace to update the translation each time the tooltip is shown:
.CS
proc ::tooltip::tooltip {widget message} {
    ...
    set messagenamespace [uplevel 1 {::msgcat::mcpackagenamespaceget}]
    ...
    bind $widget  [list ::tooltip::show $widget $messagenamespace $message]
}

proc ::tooltip::show {widget messagenamespace message} {
    ...
    set message [::msgcat::mcn $messagenamespace $message]
    ...
}
.CE
.RE
.PP
.VE "TIP 490"
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mclocale \fR?\fInewLocale\fR?
.

If \fInewLocale\fR is omitted, the current locale is returned, otherwise the current locale
is set to \fInewLocale\fR.
.PP
.RS
If the new locale is set to \fInewLocale\fR, the corresponding preferences are calculated and set.
For example, if the current locale is en_US_funky, then \fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR returns \fB{en_us_funky en_us en {}}\fR.
.PP
The same result may be acheved by \fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR {*}[\fB::msgcat::mcutil getpreferences\fR \fInewLocale\fR].
.PP
The current locale is always the first element of the list returned by \fBmcpreferences\fR.
.PP
msgcat stores and compares the locale in a
case-insensitive manner, and returns locales in lowercase.
The initial locale is determined by the locale specified in
the user's environment.  See \fBLOCALE SPECIFICATION\fR
below for a description of the locale string format.

.PP
.VS "TIP 412"
If the locale is set, the preference list of locales is evaluated.
Locales in this list are loaded now, if not jet loaded.
.VE "TIP 412"
.RE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpreferences\fR ?\fIlocale preference\fR? ...
.
Without arguments, returns an ordered list of the locales preferred by
the user.
The list is ordered from most specific to least preference.
.PP
.VS "TIP 499"
.RS
A set of locale preferences may be given to set the list of locale preferences.
The current locale is also set, which is the first element of the locale preferences list.
.PP
Locale preferences are loaded now, if not jet loaded.
.PP
As an example, the user may prefer French or English text. This may be configured by:
.CS
::msgcat::mcpreferences fr en {}

.CE
.RE
.PP
.VS "TIP 499"
.TP
\fB::msgcat:mcloadedlocales subcommand\fR ?\fIlocale\fR?
.
This group of commands manage the list of loaded locales for packages not setting a package locale.
.PP
.RS
The subcommand \fBget\fR returns the list of currently loaded locales.
................................................................................
Note that this routine is only called if the concerned package did not set a package locale unknown command name.
.RE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcforgetpackage\fR
.
The calling package clears all its state within the \fBmsgcat\fR package including all settings and translations.
.VE "TIP 412"
.PP
.VS "TIP 499"
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcutil getpreferences\fR \fIlocale\fR
.
Return the preferences list of the given locale as described in section \fBLOCALE SPECIFICATION\fR.
An example is the composition of a preference list for the bilingual region "Biel/Bienne" as a concatenation of swiss german and swiss french:
.CS
% concat [lrange [msgcat::mcutil getpreferences fr_CH] 0 end-1] [msgcat::mcutil getpreferences de_CH]
fr_ch fr de_ch de {}
.CE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcutil getsystemlocale\fR
.
The system locale is returned as described by the section \fBLOCALE SPECIFICATION\fR.
.VE "TIP 499"
.PP
.SH "LOCALE SPECIFICATION"
.PP
The locale is specified to \fBmsgcat\fR by a locale string
passed to \fB::msgcat::mclocale\fR.
The locale string consists of
a language code, an optional country code, and an optional
................................................................................
.PP
.CS
\fBmsgcat::mc\fR {Produced %1$d at %2$s} $num $city
# ... where that key is mapped to one of the
# human-oriented versions by \fBmsgcat::mcset\fR
.CE
.VS "TIP 412"
.SH "PACKAGE PRIVATE LOCALE"
.PP
A package using \fBmsgcat\fR may choose to use its own package private
locale and its own set of loaded locales, independent to the global
locale set by \fB::msgcat::mclocale\fR.
.PP
This allows a package to change its locale without causing any locales load or removal in other packages and not to invoke the global locale change callback (see below).
.PP
................................................................................
This command may cause the load of locales.
.RE
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale get\fR
.
Return the package private locale or the global locale, if no package private locale is set.
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale preferences\fR ?\fIlocale preference\fR? ...
.
With no parameters, return the package private preferences or the global preferences,
if no package private locale is set.
The package locale state (set or not) is not changed (in contrast to the command \fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale set\fR).
.PP
.RS
.VS "TIP 499"
If a set of locale preferences is given, it is set as package locale preference list.
The package locale is set to the first element of the preference list.
A package locale is activated, if it was not set so far.
.PP
Locale preferences are loaded now for the package, if not jet loaded.
.VE "TIP 499"
.RE
.PP
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale loaded\fR
.
Return the list of locales loaded for this package.
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale isset\fR
.
................................................................................
.
Returns true, if the given locale is loaded for the package.
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackagelocale clear\fR
.
Clear any loaded locales of the package not present in the package preferences.
.PP
.SH "CHANGING PACKAGE OPTIONS"
.PP
Each package using msgcat has a set of options within \fBmsgcat\fR.
The package options are described in the next sectionPackage options.
Each package option may be set or unset individually using the following ensemble:
.TP
\fB::msgcat::mcpackageconfig get\fR \fIoption\fR
.
................................................................................
The called procedure must return the formatted message which will finally be returned by msgcat::mc.
.PP
A generic unknown handler is used if set to the empty string. This consists in returning the key if no arguments are given. With given arguments, format is used to process the arguments.
.PP
See section \fBcallback invocation\fR below.
The appended arguments are identical to \fB::msgcat::mcunknown\fR.
.RE
.SH "Callback invocation"
A package may decide to register one or multiple callbacks, as described above.
.PP
Callbacks are invoked, if:
.PP
1. the callback command is set,
.PP
2. the command is not the empty string,
.PP
3. the registering namespace exists.
.PP
If a called routine fails with an error, the \fBbgerror\fR routine for the interpreter is invoked after command completion.
Only exception is the callback \fBunknowncmd\fR, where an error causes the invoking \fBmc\fR-command to fail with that error.
.PP
.VS tip490
.SH "OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING"
\fBmsgcat\fR supports packages implemented by object oriented programming.
Objects and classes should be defined within a package namespace.
.PP
There are 3 supported cases where package namespace sensitive commands of msgcat (\fBmc\fR, \fBmcexists\fR, \fBmcpackagelocale\fR, \fBmcforgetpackage\fR, \fBmcpackagenamespaceget\fR, \fBmcpackageconfig\fR, \fBmcset\fR and \fBmcmset\fR) may be called:
.PP
.TP
\fB1) In class definition script\fR
.
\fBmsgcat\fR command is called within a class definition script.
.CS
namespace eval ::N2 {
    mcload $dir/msgs
    oo::class create C1 {puts [mc Hi!]}
}
.CE
.PP
.TP
\fB2) method defined in a class\fR
.
\fBmsgcat\fR command is called from a method in an object and the method is defined in a class.
.CS
namespace eval ::N3Class {
    mcload $dir/msgs
    oo::class create C1
    oo::define C1 method m1 {
        puts [mc Hi!]
    }
}
.CE
.PP
.TP
\fB3) method defined in a classless object\fR
.
\fBmsgcat\fR command is called from a method of a classless object.
.CS
namespace eval ::N4 {
    mcload $dir/msgs
    oo::object create O1
    oo::objdefine O1 method m1 {} {
        puts [mc Hi!]
    }
}
.CE
.PP
.VE tip490
.SH EXAMPLES
Packages which display a GUI may update their widgets when the global locale changes.
To register to a callback, use:
.CS
namespace eval gui {
    msgcat::mcpackageconfig changecmd updateGUI

    proc updateGui args {
................................................................................
}
.CE
.VE "TIP 412"
.SH CREDITS
.PP
The message catalog code was developed by Mark Harrison.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
format(n), scan(n), namespace(n), package(n), oo::class(n), oo::object
.SH KEYWORDS
internationalization, i18n, localization, l10n, message, text, translation, class, object
.\" Local Variables:
.\" mode: nroff
.\" End:

static int
StringRplcCmd(
    ClientData dummy,		/* Not used. */
    Tcl_Interp *interp,		/* Current interpreter. */
    int objc,			/* Number of arguments. */
    Tcl_Obj *const objv[])	/* Argument objects. */
{

    int first, last, length, end;

    if (objc < 4 || objc > 5) {
	Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "string first last ?string?");
	return TCL_ERROR;
    }

    (void) Tcl_GetUnicodeFromObj(objv[1], &length);
    end = length - 1;

    if (TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, objv[2], end, &first) != TCL_OK ||
	    TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, objv[3], end, &last) != TCL_OK){
	return TCL_ERROR;
    }

    /*
     * [string replace] does not replace empty strings.  This is
     * unwise, but since it is true, here we quickly screen out
     * index pairs that demarcate an empty substring.
     */

    if ((last < 0) ||		/* Range ends before start of string */
	    (first > end) ||	/* Range begins after end of string */
	    (last < first)) {	/* Range begins after it starts */






	Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, objv[1]);
    } else {
	Tcl_Obj *resultPtr;

	/*
	 * We are re-fetching in case the string argument is same value as 
	 * an index argument, and shimmering cost us our ustring.
	 */

	Tcl_UniChar *ustring = Tcl_GetUnicodeFromObj(objv[1], &length);

	end = length - 1;

	if (first < 0) {
	    first = 0;
	}

	resultPtr = Tcl_NewUnicodeObj(ustring, first);
	if (objc == 5) {

static int
StringRplcCmd(
    ClientData dummy,		/* Not used. */
    Tcl_Interp *interp,		/* Current interpreter. */
    int objc,			/* Number of arguments. */
    Tcl_Obj *const objv[])	/* Argument objects. */
{
    Tcl_UniChar *ustring;
    int first, last, length, end;

    if (objc < 4 || objc > 5) {
	Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "string first last ?string?");
	return TCL_ERROR;
    }

    ustring = Tcl_GetUnicodeFromObj(objv[1], &length);
    end = length - 1;

    if (TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, objv[2], end, &first) != TCL_OK ||
	    TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, objv[3], end, &last) != TCL_OK){
	return TCL_ERROR;
    }

    /*
     * The following test screens out most empty substrings as
     * candidates for replacement. When they are detected, no
     * replacement is done, and the result is the original string,
     */

    if ((last < 0) ||		/* Range ends before start of string */
	    (first > end) ||	/* Range begins after end of string */
	    (last < first)) {	/* Range begins after it starts */

	/*
	 * BUT!!! when (end < 0) -- an empty original string -- we can
	 * have (first <= end < 0 <= last) and an empty string is permitted
	 * to be replaced.
	 */
	Tcl_SetObjResult(interp, objv[1]);
    } else {
	Tcl_Obj *resultPtr;

	/*
	 * We are re-fetching in case the string argument is same value as 
	 * an index argument, and shimmering cost us our ustring.
	 */

	ustring = Tcl_GetUnicodeFromObj(objv[1], &length);

	end = length-1;

	if (first < 0) {
	    first = 0;
	}

	resultPtr = Tcl_NewUnicodeObj(ustring, first);
	if (objc == 5) {

    Tcl_Interp *interp,		/* Tcl interpreter for context. */
    Tcl_Parse *parsePtr,	/* Points to a parse structure for the
				 * command. */
    Command *cmdPtr,		/* Points to defintion of command being
				 * compiled. */
    CompileEnv *envPtr)		/* Holds the resulting instructions. */
{
    Tcl_Token *tokenPtr, *valueTokenPtr, *replacementTokenPtr = NULL;
    DefineLineInformation;	/* TIP #280 */
    int idx1, idx2;

    if (parsePtr->numWords < 4 || parsePtr->numWords > 5) {
	return TCL_ERROR;
    }


    valueTokenPtr = TokenAfter(parsePtr->tokenPtr);
    if (parsePtr->numWords == 5) {
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(valueTokenPtr);
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	replacementTokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
    }




    tokenPtr = TokenAfter(valueTokenPtr);
    if (TclGetIndexFromToken(tokenPtr, TCL_INDEX_START, TCL_INDEX_AFTER,
	    &idx1) != TCL_OK) {
	goto genericReplace;
    }

    /*
     * Token parsed as an index value. Indices before the string are
     * treated as index of start of string.

     */

    tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
    if (TclGetIndexFromToken(tokenPtr, TCL_INDEX_BEFORE, TCL_INDEX_END,
	    &idx2) != TCL_OK) {
	goto genericReplace;
    }
    /*
     * Token parsed as an index value. Indices after the string are
     * treated as index of end of string.
     */

/* TODO...... */
    /*
     * We handle these replacements specially: first character (where
     * idx1=idx2=0) and last character (where idx1=idx2=TCL_INDEX_END). Anything
     * else and the semantics get rather screwy.




     *
     * TODO: These seem to be very narrow cases.  They are not even
     * covered by the test suite, and any programming that ends up
     * here could have been coded by the programmer using [string range]
     * and [string cat]. [*]  Not clear at all to me that the bytecode
     * generated here is worthwhile.



     *
     *  [*] Except for the empty string exceptions.  UGGGGHHHH.


     */

    if (idx1 == 0 && idx2 == 0) {
	int notEq, end;



	/*





	 * Just working with the first character.


	 */

















	CompileWord(envPtr, valueTokenPtr, interp, 1);
	if (replacementTokenPtr == NULL) {
	    /* Drop first */
	    OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, 1, TCL_INDEX_END);



	    return TCL_OK;
	}
	/* Replace first */
	CompileWord(envPtr, replacementTokenPtr, interp, 4);


	/*
	 * NOTE: The following tower of bullshit is present because


	 * [string replace] was boneheadedly defined not to replace
	 * empty strings, so we actually have to detect the empty
	 * string case and treat it differently.

































	 */

	OP4(		OVER, 1);
	PUSH(		"");
	OP(		STR_EQ);
	JUMP1(		JUMP_FALSE, notEq);
	OP(		POP);
	JUMP1(		JUMP, end);
	FIXJUMP1(notEq);
	TclAdjustStackDepth(1, envPtr);




	OP4(		REVERSE, 2);










	OP44(		STR_RANGE_IMM, 1, TCL_INDEX_END);


	OP1(		STR_CONCAT1, 2);
	FIXJUMP1(end);
	return TCL_OK;

    } else if (idx1 == TCL_INDEX_END && idx2 == TCL_INDEX_END) {
	int notEq, end;




	/*
	 * Just working with the last character.



	 */

	CompileWord(envPtr, valueTokenPtr, interp, 1);
	if (replacementTokenPtr == NULL) {
	    /* Drop last */
	    OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, 0, TCL_INDEX_END-1);







	    return TCL_OK;
	}
	/* Replace last */
	CompileWord(envPtr, replacementTokenPtr, interp, 4);








	/* More bullshit; see NOTE above. */

	OP4(		OVER, 1);
	PUSH(		"");
	OP(		STR_EQ);
	JUMP1(		JUMP_FALSE, notEq);
	OP(		POP);
	JUMP1(		JUMP, end);
	FIXJUMP1(notEq);
	TclAdjustStackDepth(1, envPtr);
	OP4(		REVERSE, 2);
	OP44(		STR_RANGE_IMM, 0, TCL_INDEX_END-1);
	OP4(		REVERSE, 2);

	OP1(		STR_CONCAT1, 2);
	FIXJUMP1(end);
	return TCL_OK;

    } else {
	/*
	 * Need to process indices at runtime. This could be because the
	 * indices are not constants, or because we need to resolve them to
	 * absolute indices to work out if a replacement is going to happen.
	 * In any case, to runtime it is.
	 */


    genericReplace:
	CompileWord(envPtr, valueTokenPtr, interp, 1);
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(valueTokenPtr);
	CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 2);
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 3);
	if (replacementTokenPtr != NULL) {

	    CompileWord(envPtr, replacementTokenPtr, interp, 4);
	} else {
	    PUSH(	"");
	}
	OP(		STR_REPLACE);
	return TCL_OK;
    }
}

int
TclCompileStringTrimLCmd(
    Tcl_Interp *interp,		/* Used for error reporting. */
    Tcl_Parse *parsePtr,	/* Points to a parse structure for the command
				 * created by Tcl_ParseCommand. */

    Tcl_Interp *interp,		/* Tcl interpreter for context. */
    Tcl_Parse *parsePtr,	/* Points to a parse structure for the
				 * command. */
    Command *cmdPtr,		/* Points to defintion of command being
				 * compiled. */
    CompileEnv *envPtr)		/* Holds the resulting instructions. */
{
    Tcl_Token *tokenPtr, *valueTokenPtr;
    DefineLineInformation;	/* TIP #280 */
    int first, last;

    if (parsePtr->numWords < 4 || parsePtr->numWords > 5) {
	return TCL_ERROR;
    }
 
    /* Bytecode to compute/push string argument being replaced */
    valueTokenPtr = TokenAfter(parsePtr->tokenPtr);


    CompileWord(envPtr, valueTokenPtr, interp, 1);



    /*
     * Check for first index known and useful at compile time. 
     */
    tokenPtr = TokenAfter(valueTokenPtr);
    if (TclGetIndexFromToken(tokenPtr, TCL_INDEX_BEFORE, TCL_INDEX_AFTER,
	    &first) != TCL_OK) {
	goto genericReplace;
    }

    /*


     * Check for last index known and useful at compile time. 
     */

    tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
    if (TclGetIndexFromToken(tokenPtr, TCL_INDEX_BEFORE, TCL_INDEX_AFTER,
	    &last) != TCL_OK) {
	goto genericReplace;
    }






    /* 



     * [string replace] is an odd bird.  For many arguments it is
     * a conventional substring replacer.  However it also goes out
     * of its way to become a no-op for many cases where it would be
     * replacing an empty substring.  Precisely, it is a no-op when
     *





     *		(last < first)		OR
     *		(last < 0)		OR
     *		(end < first)
     *

     * For some compile-time values we can detect these cases, and
     * compile direct to bytecode implementing the no-op.
     */



    if ((last == TCL_INDEX_BEFORE)		/* Know (last < 0) */
	    || (first == TCL_INDEX_AFTER)	/* Know (first > end) */

	/*
	 * Tricky to determine when runtime (last < first) can be
	 * certainly known based on the encoded values. Consider the
	 * cases...
	 *
	 * (first <= TCL_INDEX_END) &&
	 *	(last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER) => cannot tell REJECT
	 *	(last <= TCL_INDEX END) && (last < first) => ACCEPT
	 *	else => cannot tell REJECT
	 */
	    || ((first <= TCL_INDEX_END) && (last <= TCL_INDEX_END)
		&& (last < first))		/* Know (last < first) */
	/*
	 * (first == TCL_INDEX_BEFORE) &&
	 *	(last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER) => (first < last) REJECT
	 *	(last <= TCL_INDEX_END) => cannot tell REJECT
	 *	else		=> (first < last) REJECT
	 *
	 * else [[first >= TCL_INDEX_START]] &&
	 *	(last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER) => cannot tell REJECT
	 *	(last <= TCL_INDEX_END) => cannot tell REJECT
	 *	else [[last >= TCL_INDEX START]] && (last < first) => ACCEPT
	 */
	    || ((first >= TCL_INDEX_START) && (last >= TCL_INDEX_START)
		&& (last < first))) {		/* Know (last < first) */
	if (parsePtr->numWords == 5) {
	    tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	    CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 4);



	    OP(		POP);		/* Pop newString */
	}
	/* Original string argument now on TOS as result */
	return TCL_OK;
    }



    if (parsePtr->numWords == 5) {
    /*

     * When we have a string replacement, we have to take care about
     * not replacing empty substrings that [string replace] promises
     * not to replace


     *
     * The remaining index values might be suitable for conventional
     * string replacement, but only if they cannot possibly meet the
     * conditions described above at runtime. If there's a chance they
     * might, we would have to emit bytecode to check and at that point
     * we're paying more in bytecode execution time than would make
     * things worthwhile. Trouble is we are very limited in
     * how much we can detect that at compile time. After decoding,
     * we need, first:
     *
     *		(first <= end)
     *
     * The encoded indices (first <= TCL_INDEX END) and
     * (first == TCL_INDEX_BEFORE) always meets this condition, but
     * any other encoded first index has some list for which it fails.
     *
     * We also need, second:
     *
     *		(last >= 0)
     *
     * The encoded indices (last >= TCL_INDEX_START) and
     * (last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER) always meet this condition but any
     * other encoded last index has some list for which it fails.
     *
     * Finally we need, third:
     *
     *		(first <= last)
     * 
     * Considered in combination with the constraints we already have,
     * we see that we can proceed when (first == TCL_INDEX_BEFORE)
     * or (last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER). These also permit simplification
     * of the prefix|replace|suffix construction. The other constraints,
     * though, interfere with getting a guarantee that first <= last. 
     */









    if ((first == TCL_INDEX_BEFORE) && (last >= TCL_INDEX_START)) {
	/* empty prefix */
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 4);
	OP4(		REVERSE, 2);
	if (last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER) {
	    OP(		POP);		/* Pop  original */
	} else {
	    OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, last + 1, TCL_INDEX_END);
	    OP1(	STR_CONCAT1, 2);
	}
	return TCL_OK;
    }

    if ((last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER) && (first <= TCL_INDEX_END)) {
	OP44(		STR_RANGE_IMM, 0, first-1);
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 4);
	OP1(		STR_CONCAT1, 2);

	return TCL_OK;
    }



	/* FLOW THROUGH TO genericReplace */

    } else {
	/* 

	 * When we have no replacement string to worry about, we may
	 * have more luck, because the forbidden empty string replacements
	 * are harmless when they are replaced by another empty string.
	 */





	if ((first == TCL_INDEX_BEFORE) || (first == TCL_INDEX_START)) {
	    /* empty prefix - build suffix only */

	    if ((last == TCL_INDEX_END) || (last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER)) {
		/* empty suffix too => empty result */
		OP(	POP);		/* Pop  original */
		PUSH	(	"");
		return TCL_OK;
	    }


	    OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, last + 1, TCL_INDEX_END);
	    return TCL_OK;
	} else {
	    if ((last == TCL_INDEX_END) || (last == TCL_INDEX_AFTER)) {
		/* empty suffix - build prefix only */
		OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, 0, first-1);
		return TCL_OK;
	    }






	    OP(		DUP);




	    OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, 0, first-1);
	    OP4(	REVERSE, 2);
	    OP44(	STR_RANGE_IMM, last + 1, TCL_INDEX_END);
	    OP1(	STR_CONCAT1, 2);

	    return TCL_OK;
	}







    }

    genericReplace:

	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(valueTokenPtr);
	CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 2);
	tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 3);
	if (parsePtr->numWords == 5) {
	    tokenPtr = TokenAfter(tokenPtr);
	    CompileWord(envPtr, tokenPtr, interp, 4);
	} else {
	    PUSH(	"");
	}
	OP(		STR_REPLACE);
	return TCL_OK;

}

int
TclCompileStringTrimLCmd(
    Tcl_Interp *interp,		/* Used for error reporting. */
    Tcl_Parse *parsePtr,	/* Points to a parse structure for the command
				 * created by Tcl_ParseCommand. */

	    TclNewObj(objResultPtr);
	}
	TRACE_APPEND(("%.30s\n", O2S(objResultPtr)));
	NEXT_INST_F(9, 1, 1);

    {
	Tcl_UniChar *ustring1, *ustring2, *ustring3, *end, *p;
	int length3;
	Tcl_Obj *value3Ptr;

    case INST_STR_REPLACE:
	value3Ptr = POP_OBJECT();
	valuePtr = OBJ_AT_DEPTH(2);
	length = Tcl_GetCharLength(valuePtr) - 1;
	TRACE(("\"%.20s\" %s %s \"%.20s\" => ", O2S(valuePtr),
		O2S(OBJ_UNDER_TOS), O2S(OBJ_AT_TOS), O2S(value3Ptr)));
	if (TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, OBJ_UNDER_TOS, length,
		    &fromIdx) != TCL_OK
	    || TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, OBJ_AT_TOS, length,
		    &toIdx) != TCL_OK) {
	    TclDecrRefCount(value3Ptr);
	    TRACE_ERROR(interp);
	    goto gotError;
	}
	TclDecrRefCount(OBJ_AT_TOS);
	(void) POP_OBJECT();
	TclDecrRefCount(OBJ_AT_TOS);
	(void) POP_OBJECT();
	if (fromIdx < 0) {
	    fromIdx = 0;
	}

	if (fromIdx > toIdx || fromIdx > length) {



	    TRACE_APPEND(("\"%.30s\"\n", O2S(valuePtr)));
	    TclDecrRefCount(value3Ptr);
	    NEXT_INST_F(1, 0, 0);
	}





	if (toIdx > length) {
	    toIdx = length;
	}

	if (fromIdx == 0 && toIdx == length) {
	    TclDecrRefCount(OBJ_AT_TOS);
	    OBJ_AT_TOS = value3Ptr;
	    TRACE_APPEND(("\"%.30s\"\n", O2S(value3Ptr)));
	    NEXT_INST_F(1, 0, 0);
	}

	length3 = Tcl_GetCharLength(value3Ptr);

	    TclNewObj(objResultPtr);
	}
	TRACE_APPEND(("%.30s\n", O2S(objResultPtr)));
	NEXT_INST_F(9, 1, 1);

    {
	Tcl_UniChar *ustring1, *ustring2, *ustring3, *end, *p;
	int length3, endIdx;
	Tcl_Obj *value3Ptr;

    case INST_STR_REPLACE:
	value3Ptr = POP_OBJECT();
	valuePtr = OBJ_AT_DEPTH(2);
	endIdx = Tcl_GetCharLength(valuePtr) - 1;
	TRACE(("\"%.20s\" %s %s \"%.20s\" => ", O2S(valuePtr),
		O2S(OBJ_UNDER_TOS), O2S(OBJ_AT_TOS), O2S(value3Ptr)));
	if (TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, OBJ_UNDER_TOS, endIdx,
		    &fromIdx) != TCL_OK
	    || TclGetIntForIndexM(interp, OBJ_AT_TOS, endIdx,
		    &toIdx) != TCL_OK) {
	    TclDecrRefCount(value3Ptr);
	    TRACE_ERROR(interp);
	    goto gotError;
	}
	TclDecrRefCount(OBJ_AT_TOS);
	(void) POP_OBJECT();
	TclDecrRefCount(OBJ_AT_TOS);
	(void) POP_OBJECT();





	if ((toIdx < 0) ||
		(fromIdx > endIdx) ||
		(toIdx < fromIdx)) {
	    TRACE_APPEND(("\"%.30s\"\n", O2S(valuePtr)));
	    TclDecrRefCount(value3Ptr);
	    NEXT_INST_F(1, 0, 0);
	}

	if (fromIdx < 0) {
	    fromIdx = 0;
	}

	if (toIdx > endIdx) {
	    toIdx = endIdx;
	}

	if (fromIdx == 0 && toIdx == endIdx) {
	    TclDecrRefCount(OBJ_AT_TOS);
	    OBJ_AT_TOS = value3Ptr;
	    TRACE_APPEND(("\"%.30s\"\n", O2S(value3Ptr)));
	    NEXT_INST_F(1, 0, 0);
	}

	length3 = Tcl_GetCharLength(value3Ptr);

# msgcat.tcl --
#
#	This file defines various procedures which implement a
#	message catalog facility for Tcl programs.  It should be
#	loaded with the command "package require msgcat".
#
# Copyright (c) 2010-2015 by Harald Oehlmann.
# Copyright (c) 1998-2000 by Ajuba Solutions.
# Copyright (c) 1998 by Mark Harrison.
#
# See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
# of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.

# We use oo::define::self, which is new in Tcl 8.7
................................................................................
# There are 4 possibilities:
# - called from a proc
# - called within a class definition script
# - called from an class defined oo object
# - called from a classless oo object
proc ::msgcat::PackageNamespaceGet {} {
    uplevel 2 {
	# Check for no object
	switch -exact -- [namespace which self] {
	    {::oo::define::self} {
		# We are within a class definition
		return [namespace qualifiers [self]]
	    }
	    {::oo::Helpers::self} {
		# We are within an object
................................................................................
	    }
	}
    }
    #
    # On Darwin, fallback to current CFLocale identifier if available.
    #
    if {[info exists ::tcl::mac::locale] && $::tcl::mac::locale ne ""} {
	if {![catch { ConvertLocale $::tcl::mac::locale] } locale]} {
	    return $locale
	}
    }
    #
    # The rest of this routine is special processing for Windows or
    # Cygwin. All other platforms, get out now.
    #

# msgcat.tcl --
#
#	This file defines various procedures which implement a
#	message catalog facility for Tcl programs.  It should be
#	loaded with the command "package require msgcat".
#
# Copyright (c) 2010-2018 by Harald Oehlmann.
# Copyright (c) 1998-2000 by Ajuba Solutions.
# Copyright (c) 1998 by Mark Harrison.
#
# See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
# of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.

# We use oo::define::self, which is new in Tcl 8.7
................................................................................
# There are 4 possibilities:
# - called from a proc
# - called within a class definition script
# - called from an class defined oo object
# - called from a classless oo object
proc ::msgcat::PackageNamespaceGet {} {
    uplevel 2 {
	# Check self namespace to determine environment
	switch -exact -- [namespace which self] {
	    {::oo::define::self} {
		# We are within a class definition
		return [namespace qualifiers [self]]
	    }
	    {::oo::Helpers::self} {
		# We are within an object
................................................................................
	    }
	}
    }
    #
    # On Darwin, fallback to current CFLocale identifier if available.
    #
    if {[info exists ::tcl::mac::locale] && $::tcl::mac::locale ne ""} {
	if {![catch { ConvertLocale $::tcl::mac::locale } locale]} {
	    return $locale
	}
    }
    #
    # The rest of this routine is special processing for Windows or
    # Cygwin. All other platforms, get out now.
    #

    variable body
    variable result
    variable setVars
    foreach setVars [PowerSet $envVars] {
	set result [string tolower [lindex $setVars 0]]
	if {[string length $result] == 0} {
	    if {[info exists ::tcl::mac::locale]} {

		set result [string tolower \



			[msgcat::ConvertLocale $::tcl::mac::locale]]

	    } else {
		if {([info sharedlibextension] eq ".dll")
			&& ![catch {package require registry}]} {
		    # Windows and Cygwin have other ways to determine the
		    # locale when the environment variables are missing
		    # and the registry package is present
		    continue

    variable body
    variable result
    variable setVars
    foreach setVars [PowerSet $envVars] {
	set result [string tolower [lindex $setVars 0]]
	if {[string length $result] == 0} {
	    if {[info exists ::tcl::mac::locale]} {
if {[package vsatisfies [package provide msgcat] 1.7]} {
		set result [string tolower \
			[msgcat::mcutil::ConvertLocale $::tcl::mac::locale]]
} else {
		set result [string tolower \
			[msgcat::ConvertLocale $::tcl::mac::locale]]
}
	    } else {
		if {([info sharedlibextension] eq ".dll")
			&& ![catch {package require registry}]} {
		    # Windows and Cygwin have other ways to determine the
		    # locale when the environment variables are missing
		    # and the registry package is present
		    continue

} {foo}
test string-14.17 {string replace} {
    string replace abcdefghijklmnop end end-1
} {abcdefghijklmnop}
test string-14.18 {string replace} {
    string replace abcdefghijklmnop 10 9 XXX
} {abcdefghijklmnop}




test string-15.1 {string tolower too few args} {
    list [catch {string tolower} msg] $msg
} {1 {wrong # args: should be "string tolower string ?first? ?last?"}}
test string-15.2 {string tolower bad args} {
    list [catch {string tolower a b} msg] $msg
} {1 {bad index "b": must be integer?[+-]integer? or end?[+-]integer?}}

} {foo}
test string-14.17 {string replace} {
    string replace abcdefghijklmnop end end-1
} {abcdefghijklmnop}
test string-14.18 {string replace} {
    string replace abcdefghijklmnop 10 9 XXX
} {abcdefghijklmnop}
test string-14.19 {string replace} {
    string replace {} -1 0 A
} A

test string-15.1 {string tolower too few args} {
    list [catch {string tolower} msg] $msg
} {1 {wrong # args: should be "string tolower string ?first? ?last?"}}
test string-15.2 {string tolower bad args} {
    list [catch {string tolower a b} msg] $msg
} {1 {bad index "b": must be integer?[+-]integer? or end?[+-]integer?}}